The Roman soroban was brought into China during the Han Era by way of the Silk Road. In the 12th and 13th centuries, the Chinese transformed the plate with grooves and buttons into a wooden frame with rods, a horizontal bar, and sliding oval beads. The Chinese changed the system slightly by adding a bead above the bar and another below. This new soroban became widely used throughout China after the 13th century. The Chinese soroban was brought into Japan during the 15th and 16th centuries, but the Japanese removed the two added beads. The use of the soroban spread most rapidly during the 17th century, or Edo Period, and it greatly contributed to the education of the general public. The rulers and people realized the value of the soroban techniques it was an excellent way to develop math skills and to calculate accurately and quickly. A majority of the population had developed a great sense for numbers, and strong soroban advocates believe that the rapid economic development during the Edo Period is a result of the spread of soroban techniques at that time.Ĥ.
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